Principles of Mathematical Analysis
内容简介
The third edition of this well known text continues to provide a solid foundation in mathematical analysis for undergraduate and first-year graduate students. The text begins with a discussion of the real number system as a complete ordered field. (Dedekind's construction is now treated in an appendix to Chapter I.) The topological background needed for the development of convergence, continuity, differentiation and integration is provided in Chapter 2. There is a new section on the gamma function, and many new and interesting exercises are included.
This text is part of the Walter Rudin Student Series in Advanced Mathematics.
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作者简介
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目录
Chapter 1 The Real and Complex Number Systems 1
Introduction 1
Ordered Sets 3
Fields 5
The Real Field 8
The Extended Real Number System 11
The Complex Field 12
Euclidean Spaces 16
Appendix 17
Exercises 21
Chapter 2 Basic Topology 24
Finite, Countable, and, Uncountable Sets 24
Metric Spaces 30
Compact Sets 36
Perfect Sets 41
Connected Sets 42
Exercises 43
Chapter 3 Numerical Sequences and Series 47
Convergent Sequences 47
Subsequences 51
Cauchy Sequences 52
Upper and Lower Limits 55
Some Special Sequences 57
Series 58
Series of Nonnegative Terms 61
The Number e 63
The Root and Ratio Tests 65
Power Series 69
Summation by Parts 70
Absolute Convergence 71
Addition and Multiplication of Series 72
Rearrangements 75
Exercises 78
Chapter 4 Continuity 83
Limits of Functions 83
Continuous Functions 85
Continuity and Compactness 89
Continuity and Connectedness 93
Discontinuities 94
Monotonic Functions 95
Infinite Limits and Limits at Infinity 97
Exercises 98
Chapter 5 Differetiation 103
The Derivative of a Real Function 103
Mean Value Theorems 107
The Continuity of Derivatives 108
L'Hospital's Rule 109
Derivatives of Higher Order 110
Taylor's Theorem 110
Differentiation of Vector-valued Functions 114
Chapter 6 The Riemann-Stieltjes Integral 120
Definition and Existence of the Integral 120
Properties of the Integral 128
Integration and Differentiation 133
Integration of Vector-valued Functions 135
Rectifiable Curves 136
Chapter 7 Sequences and Series of Functions 143
Discussion of Main Problem 143
Uniform Convergence 143
Uniform Convergence and Continuity 149
Uniform Convergence and Integration 151
Uniform Convergence and Differentiation 152
Equicontinuous Families of Functions 154
The Stone-Weierstrass Theorem 159
Exercises 165
Chapter 8 Some Special Functions 172
Power Series 172
The Exponential and Logarithmic Functions 178
The Trigonometric Functions 182
The Algebraic Completeness of the Complex Field 184
Fourier Series 185
The Gamma Function 192
Exericises 196
Chapter 9 Functions of Several Variables 204
Linear Transformations 204
Differentiation 211
The Contraction Principle 220
The Inverse Function Theorem 221
The Implicit Function Theorem 223
The Rank Theorem 228
Determinants 231
Derivatives of Higher Order 235
Differentiation of Integrals 236
Exercises 239
Chapter 10 Integration of Differential Forms 245
Integration 245
Primitive Mappings 248
Partitions of Unity 251
Change of Variables 252
Differential Forms 253
Simplexes and Chains 266
Stokes' Theorem 273
Closed Forms and Exact Forms 275
Vector Analysis 280
Exercises 288
Chapter 11 The Lebesgue Theory 300
Set Functions 300
Construction of the lebesgue Measure 302
Measure Spaces 310
Measurable Functions 310
Simple Functions 313
Integration 314
Comparison with the Riemann Integral 322
Integration of Complex Functions 325
Functions of Class L2 325
Exercises 332
Bibliography 335
List of Special Symbols 337
Index 339
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读书文摘
规定γ为所有α∈A的并。换言之，p∈γ当且仅当对某个α∈A有p属于伽马。今证γ∈R，且γ=supA。
固定b>1。 (a)如果m，n，p，q 是整数，n>0，q>0，且r=m/n=p/q。证明 (b^m)^(1/n)=(b^p)^(1/q) 因此，定义b^r=(b^m)^(1/n)有意义。
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