This is a science book, intended for the general reader who is interested in science. The author is a physicist who is well-known for his development of the property called "self-organized Criticality", a property or phenomenon that lies at the heart of large dynamical systems. It can be used to analyse systems that are complicated, and which are part of the new science of complexity. It is a unifying concept that can be used to study phenomena in fields as diverse as economics, astronomy, the earth sciences, and physics. The author discusses his discovery of self-organized criticality; its relation to the world of classical physics; computer simulations and experiments which aid scientist's understanding of the property; and the relation of the subject to popular areas such as fractal geometry and power laws; cellular automata, and a wide range of practical applications. The book is readable without a science background--below the level of Scientific American.
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混沌系统没有关于过去的记忆,因而无法演化。
如果一个平衡系统受到微小的干扰,例如在某一个位置上一粒沙子被推了一下,并不会有什么发生。总的来说,处于平衡态的系统并不会展现上面谈到的任何有趣的行为,例如巨大的灾难,1/f噪声以及分形。
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