Anthropology is a discipline very conscious of its history, and Alan Barnard has written a clear, balanced and judicious textbook that surveys the historical contexts of the great debates and traces the genealogies of theories and schools of thought. It also considers the problems involved in assessing these theories. The book covers the precursors of anthropology; evolutionism in all its guises; diffusionism and culture area theories, functionalism and structural-functionalism; action-centred theories; processual and Marxist perspectives; the many faces of relativism, structuralism and post-structuralism; and recent interpretive and postmodernist viewpoints.
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文化人类学是最大的分支学科。从最广泛意义上说,这个领域包括文化多样性研究、文化普遍性探索、社会结构揭示、象征主义阐释,以及大量相关的研究。
在人类学中,在任何既定框架中的一套互为对立的理论观点方面和在理论层次的一个层面方面的思考都是大有裨益的。
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