In the summer of 1900, bands of peasant youths from the villages of north China streamed into Beijing to besiege the foreign legations, attracting the attention of the entire world. Joseph Esherick reconstructs the early history of the Boxers, challenging the traditional view that they grew from earlier anti-dynastic sects, and stressing instead the impact of social ecology and popular culture.
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周锡瑞,1942年出生,美国伯克利加州大学历史学博士,现任圣地亚哥加州大学历史系教授,专长研究现代中国历史。
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义和团的故乡是山东,鲁西北的神拳,鲁西南的大刀会,山东人“好武、节俭和智慧”,但鲁西地区的环境是一个贫穷的农业区,人口稠密,又特别易受天灾人祸,此地经济萧条,缺乏正统的儒士,秘密教会和武术团体容易普及。
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