The first edition of "The Rhetoric of Fiction" transformed the criticism of fiction and soon became a classic in the field. One of the most widely used texts in fiction courses, it is a standard reference point in advanced discussions of how fictional form works, how authors make novels accessible, and how readers recreate texts, and its concepts and terms--such as "the implied author," "the postulated reader," and "the unreliable narrator"--have become part of the standard critical lexicon.
For this new edition, Wayne C. Booth has written an extensive Afterword in which he clarifies misunderstandings, corrects what he now views as errors, and sets forth his own recent thinking about the rhetoric of fiction. The other new feature is a Supplementary Bibliography, prepared by James Phelan in consultation with the author, which lists the important critical works of the past twenty years--two decades that Booth describes as "the richest in the history of the subject."
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韦恩·布斯 Wayne Clayson Booth (1921-2005),美国芝加哥大学教授,著名文学批评家,“芝加哥学派”(又称“新亚里士多德学派”)第二代领军人物。布斯是20世纪最重要和最有影响的批评家之一,其理论贡献是“把技巧和伦理分析相结合,从而改变了文学研究的 形貌”。
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我们可以看出,当T.S.艾略特谈到“客观对应”时,他并没创造一个新概念。他那时常被人引用的定义是这样开始的,“以艺的形式表达情感的唯一方式是找到一种“客观对应”;换言之,一组客体、一种情境、一系列事件,它们是那个特定情感的程式这样当拿出必需要在感觉经验中达到的水恒事究那种情感便立即被唤起”。
太高的道德境界会损坏喜剧;而太低的道德境界则会破坏我们对于他的成功的热望。
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